Characterization of health and sanitation conditions and needs in temporary emergency shelters during the winter season in San Benito Abad (Sucre), December 2022.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33610/01229907.2022v4n4a1Keywords:
Floods, Environmental disasters, La Niña phenomenon, Emergency shelter, Needs assessment, ColombiaAbstract
Introduction: La Mojana is a sub-region composed of four departments and 11 municipalities in northern Colombia and is considered a complex water system; in 2022, the area was affected by high rainfall as a result of the La Niña phenomenon conditions associated with flooding and high river levels, affecting thousands of families in the region and the country, causing displacements and temporary housing for the population.
Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study in the lodgings located in the rural area of the municipality, using a semi-structured questionnaire adapted by the Environmental Risk Factors Group of the Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) and the Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis (EDAN), through the EWARS in a box application.
Results and Conclusions: A total of 680 people in 160 temporary shelters were characterized. In 59.3 % of the shelters there were water storage tanks for human consumption; however, there was no sewage system. The 72.7 % of the shelters had a constant electricity supply. It was observed that 63.6 % of the population disposed of their waste in bodies of water and 66.7 % reported an increase in the presence of rodents. In terms of demographic composition, 53 % belonged to the male gender, ages between two months and 99 years, the most representative group was between 16 and 59 years of age (53.7 %). In terms of health conditions, arterial hypertension (41.4 %), renal disease (18 %) and some disabilities (14.3 %) were identified as the most prevalent pathologies. Fever syndromes, especially respiratory syndromes (68 %) and acute diarrheal disease (26.9 %), as well as animal aggression, were present. It is crucial to address drinking water supply, proper excreta disposal and waste management as a priority while the population returns to their homes.
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