Cutaneous leishmaniasis in children under 10 years of age, Colombia, 2014 to 2018.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33610/01229907.2020v2n1a2Keywords:
Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Leishmaniasis in children, Epidemiological surveillanceAbstract
Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease affecting the skin, mucous membranes and the viscera, whose vector is an insect (Lutzomyia). There are different risk factors that favor the presence of vectors and the disease, such as: deficient socioeconomic conditions, malnutrition, lack of basic sanitation, and the presence of domestic and wild reservoirs in the environment. In the domestic-rural and domestic-urban cycles, vectors reach the peri-domicile, enter homes and transmit the infection to the family nucleus, including children.
Objective: To identify the social, demographic and epidemiological characteristics of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in children under 10 years of age in Colombia between 2014 and 2018.
Materials and methods: retrospective descriptive study of cases reported to Sivigila of cutaneous leishmaniasis (2014 -2018) in children under 10 years of age. The variables analyzed were age group, insurance, ethnicity, department and region of origin, hospitalization and timeliness of health services consultation. Measures of frequency and central tendency were calculated.
Results: 4 764 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were reported in children under 10 years of age; more than 50 % of the cases corresponded to males in rural areas. The highest incidence rate by age group corresponds to ages 5 to 9 years. The Andean region and the department of Risaralda in 2018 recorded the highest occurrences.
Conclusion: Cutaneous leishmaniasis in children under 10 years of age, as in the adult population, continues to be a public health problem and may be related to transmission in or around homes.
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