Descriptive analysis of paraquat intoxications in Colombia, 2007-2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33610/28059611.162Keywords:
suicide, pesticides, paraquat, poisoning, herbicides, ColombiaAbstract
Introduction: Acute paraquat poisoning due to intentional exposure is a major cause of suicide. In Colombia, paraquat is widely used in the agricultural sector. This study aimed to analyze cases of paraquat poisoning for all types of exposure and compare suicides involving paraquat with those involving other herbicides between 2007 and 2023 in Colombia. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted on acute paraquat poisoning, with an emphasis on mortality due to suicidal intent and completed suicides in Colombia between 2007 and 2023. A univariate analysis was performed to describe sociodemographic characteristics, type and route of exposure. A bivariate analysis compared outcomes (survival or death) and suicides involving paraquat versus other pesticides. Statistically significant differences were determined using a p-value < 0,05. Results: A total of 4 563 cases of paraquat poisoning were recorded during the study period, showing an increasing trend, with an incidence of 0,92 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in 2023. Males were the most affected (61,4 %). By age group, individuals aged 11–20 years were the most affected among survivors (34,0 %), while those aged 21–30 years were the most affected among fatal cases (30,2 %). The case fatality rate was 7,7%, of which 86,7 % were completed suicides. Significant differences were found in paraquat poisoning outcomes (survival vs. death) for age group, type of exposure, and route of exposure. Additionally, significant differences were observed between deaths involving paraquat and those involving other herbicides, specifically in age groups and region of origin. Conclusion: Paraquat is the pesticide most frequently associated with poisoning due to suicidal intent. Males and individuals aged 21–30 years were the most affected. These findings highlight the need for strengthened regulatory measures and targeted prevention strategies to reduce paraquat-related suicides.References
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