Establishment of health needs on the islands of Providencia and Santa Catalina, 16 months after the emergency caused by Hurricane Iota occurred in November 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33610/28059611.135Keywords:
Cyclonic storms, natural disasters, surveillance in disaster, sanitary surveys, post disaster reconstructionAbstract
Introduction: The objective of this study was to establish the health needs in the community of Providencia and Santa Catalina through the description of the hygienic-sanitary conditions at the time of the study and the occurrence of notifiable diseases 16 months after hurricane Iota.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using the adapted CASPER methodology. Spatial stratified random sampling by sector was performed using the QGIS geographic information system. For data collection, a survey adapted in Epicollect5 was used and notifications of diseases of public health interest were reviewed. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and chi-square tests using Excel and R.
Results: Of the 360 houses evaluated, 44.7% needed repairs or total reconstruction. There were statistically significant reductions in the availability of aqueduct services, gas cylinders and access to sanitary facilities (p < 0.05). A total of 67.8% of the dwellings used rainwater, and 32.5% of the water did not receive treatment. A total of 57.5% of the dwellings do not fumigate against vectors, 75% dispose of excreta in septic tanks, and 60.8% reported an increase in the presence of rodents. In addition, 74.7% noted an increase in the presence of vectors. A total of 17.2% reported having an incomplete COVID-19 vaccination schedule. A total of 71.4% had a history of chronic illness, 9.9% might have an anxiety disorder, and 7.2% might be experiencing depression. Ten (10) foodborne disease outbreaks and two (2) suicide attempts were recorded during the period between the disaster and the assessment.
Conclusions: Even 16 months after the hurricane, sanitation services showed a significant reduction. In addition, potential risk factors were identified near the houses that could facilitate disease transmission. Impacts on mental health were also observed.
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